**FAQs**

**Q: What is angioplasty?**
A: Angioplasty is a surgical procedure used to unblock arteries in the heart muscle.

**Q: How does angioplasty work?**
A: During angioplasty, a surgeon inserts a thin expandable balloon into the blocked artery and inflates it to flatten the blockage against the arterial wall. A stent may also be placed to keep the artery open.

**Q: Are stents always necessary during angioplasty?**
A: Research has shown that for patients with stable coronary artery disease and stable angina, stents may not be necessary.

**Q: What are the risks associated with angioplasty and stent placement?**
A: Potential risks include serious complications such as heart attacks, bleeding, infection, and even unnecessary procedures based on current medical guidelines.

**Q: Are there alternative treatments to angioplasty and stent placement?**
A: Enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP) is a noninvasive treatment that may be used to develop collateral circulation in the heart muscle.

**Conclusion**
While angioplasty and stent placement have been commonly used to treat arterial blockages, recent studies have called into question the necessity and effectiveness of these procedures for certain patients. It is important for individuals to weigh the risks and benefits of angioplasty and stent placement, as well as explore alternative treatment options that may offer similar benefits with fewer risks. Making lifestyle changes to improve metabolic health, such as dietary choices, quality sleep, hydration, and exercise, can also play a significant role in reducing the risk of arterial blockages and the need for invasive procedures.